How to Pick the Perfect Color Combination for Your Data Visualization

Choosing any color scheme -- whether for graphics, websites, brands, etc. -- is a challenge in and of itself. That choice of colors sets the mood for anything and everything you create.

When it comes to data visualization, color is especially important. The color scheme sets the tone of the imagery and each color serves to represent a unique piece of information.

The colors you use in your data visualizations represent more than just one idea. The color scheme you choose has the power to display the type of data your showing, its relationship, the differences between categories, and more.

This post will take you through the process of choosing the perfect color combination for your next data visualization -- from understanding your data to finding the right color tool.

How to Pick the Perfect Color Combination for Your Data Visualization

Is Your Data Sequential or Qualitative?

The first step when choosing a color scheme for your data visualization is understanding the data that you’re working with. There are three main categories that matter when choosing color schemes for data: sequential, diverging, and qualitative color schemes.

Sequential color schemes are those schemes that are used to organize quantitative data from high to low using a gradient effect. With quantitative data, you typically want to show a progression rather than a contrast. Using a gradient-based color scheme allows you to show this progression without causing any confusion.

Diverging color schemes allow you to highlight the middle range/extremes of quantitative data by using two contrasting hues on the extremes and a lighter tinted mixture to highlight the middle range.

Qualitative color schemes are used to highlight -- you guessed it -- qualitative categories. With qualitative data, you typically want to create a lot of contrast, which means using different hues to represent each of your data points.

Note: The images above are from Color Brewer 2.0 -- a data visualization color tool designed for working with data mapping. Check it out for your next data map visualization or for grabbing pre-made color schemes to use based on the sequential, diverging, and qualitative models.

How Many Unique Hues Do You Need to Use?

Now that you’ve determined which kind of display you want to use, it’s time to determine the number of hues you need to use.

Your hues are the unique colors (like red or blue) in their purest form (without any tinting or shading). Using unique hues is what creates contrast. In data visualization, creating contrast is highly important because it tells the viewer that the contrasting colors are comparative data points. Contrasting colors suggest that the data points are categorical, not correlated, showing you the difference between them rather than the relationship of progression.

Keep in mind that it's possible to use both a sequential and qualitative color scheme in the same visualization. And if this is the case, you’ll need to build a scheme that uses both gradients and unique hues.

The Role of Brightness in Color Selection

One very important tip for creating and finding color schemes for you data visualizations concerns understanding and utilizing the brilliance of colors for a purpose.

In the two pie charts below, notice the brightness of the colors used. On the left pie chart, you can see that there are four main hues used and four tints of each hue. This might signify a relationship between the hue and the tints, or it may just be used to draw attention to some sections of the data over the others.

On the right pie chart, all of the eight hues used have the same brightness. None have more white or black added them to create a shade or a tint, which ultimately creates a balanced, contrasting aesthetic.

Shading and brightness is incredibly important to consider when creating data visualizations because it can be easy to skew the interpretation of your data by drawing attention to some data points over others.

For qualitative data, unless you’re trying to point out one specific data point’s significance, try to use equally bright hues with contrasting colors to display your data.

For sequential quantitative data, shading is important because you’re likely using a gradient. Gradients are made up of different shades and tints of a hue to show the progression of one hue from light to dark -- much like the progression of the data from high to low.

What Tools Can You Use to Find the Perfect Color Combination?

When it comes to finding the perfect color scheme for your data visualizations, I highly recommend finding a scheme that’s already out there. This isn't to say that you don't need to have a strong grasp on basics of color selection, though -- even existing color schemes will need to be customized to the data you're using. In other words, it's still important that you know you're stuff.

Let's check out a few tools that'll help you get started ...

1) Colorpicker for Data

A fairly simple tool, Colorpicker let’s you hold one color in place while you drag the other locator around to find a multi-hued, gradient-based color scheme. Although this tool is limited in nature, I like that it gives you the option to visualize your color scheme on a map to show you what the scheme looks like in practice.

2) Color Hunt

If you’re just looking for premade color schemes to browse through, Color Hunt is the tool for you. This website is devoted to just color schemes, allowing you to easily gain inspiration and uncover HEX codes.

A caveat, however, is that each of the schemes are limited to four colors. If you’re data visualization requires more hues than four, this may not be the tool for you.

3) Designspiration.net

One of my personal favorite sites for design work, be it data visualization or otherwise, is Designspiration.net. Not only does Designspiration give you thousands of graphics to look through for inspiration, but it also allows you to sort through designs by color.

This is a great tool to use for your data visualization (even if the representations aren’t data-based) because it shows you what colors look like in contrast to one another. The color-sort tool also gives you the HEX codes ready to access, making it really easy to put together a combination that suits your needs.

4) FlatUIColorpicker.com

As a part of Designmodo’s Free User Interface toolkit, they created a tool to help you uncover colors to use in your design process. Although these colors aren’t necessarily part of premade schemes, they are really great for showing you bright, vibrant colors used for user interface design. You can easily browse through their color lists and create your own color schemes using the color picker.

5) Adobe Color CC

A classic tool for designers using Adobe products, Adobe Color CC allows you to create your own color schemes using the mathematical model-based color schemes (monochromatic, analogous, triadic, complementary, etc.). Adobe Color CC also has a great browser section you can use to find premade color schemes.

What If You Still Can't Find What You Need?

What if you decide you’re really looking for a color scheme that isn’t already out there? What do you do?

Creating a color scheme for data visualizations from scratch can be especially difficult because the colors you use have to either show vast contrast or natural progressions.

A great way to find inspiration for these types of color schemes is to draw on your surroundings. This could be a colorful photo, a mural, a sunset, or anything in nature --- you name it. If you look around to find color schemes that appeal to you in your physical surroundings, you can use this to create a color scheme for the virtual.

If you have a good eye, you may even be able to create a color scheme this way by trial and error. However, it's more likely that you’ll need to use a tool like Adobe Capture CC or Chroma by Softpress to snap a picture and grab the colors from the picture to use in your designs.

When creating data visualizations, the most important part of choosing the right color scheme comes down to understanding your data.

With so many different tools and premade color schemes out there, the hardest part isn’t actually finding the right colors; it’s knowing how to use those colors to display the information in the best way possible.

Now that you know how to find your color schemes, go put your newfound knowledge to work.

How do you choose color schemes for your data visualizations? Share your tips below.

from HubSpot Marketing Blog http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/color-combination-data-visualization
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Do You Have a Clutter Problem? [Flowchart]

Have you ever looked around you -- at your desk, your room, your car, your garage -- and realized that the clutter has gotten out of control?

Don't worry, we all have those moments.

Everyone has a unique relationship with their "stuff." I, for example, have a drawer full of youth soccer jerseys I just can't seem to part with. (I swear I'm going to make a T-shirt quilt out of them someday!) For a friend of mine, it's mugs. She has like six of them on her desk at work. Who needs six mugs?

And yet, I know plenty of people who are really good at "spring cleaning" -- i.e., clearing out their unnecessary stuff in spontaneous purges. Sometimes, I wish I were brave enough to set them loose on my stuff to see what I could get rid of if I wasn't so darn sentimental.

That makes me what the folks at QuickQuid call a "sentimental clutterer." There are a few other types, including the folks who binge shop (who can resist a good sale?), those whose living spaces are filled with books, papers, and schoolwork, and so on.

What type of "clutterer" are you, and how is it affecting your life and work? If you’ve ever wondered where you might fall on the spectrum, take the flowchart quiz below from QuickQuid. It'll help you identify your relationship with your stuff, and give you some quick tips for how to live a more balanced lifestyle.

from HubSpot Marketing Blog http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/clutterer-type
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6 Important Questions to Ask Before Your Agency Grows

Many agency leaders think the path to success is through growth. Grow bigger, grow faster, and don't look back. 

But do they have the right business practices in place to actually achieve this? And are they prepared for the inevitable changes that occur as a company gets larger?

6 Questions to Ask Before Your Agency Grows 

1) How do you want to grow?

What do you want your agency to look like in a few years? There are two main approaches to growth, and they look very different.

For one type of firm, you can grow through increased sales -- or growing by volume. You bring on lots of clients, and hire more people to service those clients. Client accounts will most likely be smaller, and the firm will be more concerned with productivity and the profitability of projects.

You can also grow through the size of your accounts, taking on fewer clients and focusing on longer engagements and less tactical or project-based work. For this type of growth to occur, the agency needs to be committed to a strong positioning as well as be able to showcase its value to obtain more revenue from clients. The agency may only need to win a few key accounts each year to replace leaving clients.

2) Are your current hiring practices in line with your future agency?

As you grow, your agency changes. Your clients' needs evolve. And you need more people to manage, train, and lead different teams. While some might rely on hiring for the role when they reach that size, most owners want to develop leadership skills in the people who have been with them when the team could easily fit in one room for a meeting. A key external hire -- someone with a specific skill set and experience -- can benefit the agency's growth; however, you'll have a hard time retaining people in the long-run if you fail to create a path of advancement for your current employees.

That means that you need to begin developing a bench of future leaders, and that requires a different approach to hiring and training. In the past, you might have simply been concerned about whether or not the candidate can do the job or be trained to complete the work. Now, you need to consider other qualities in top performers, such as emotional intelligence, interest in long-term career growth and management, and if the person has skills that challenge the team. You're looking for someone who will add to the overall talent of the team, rather than simply fit into a vacant seat.

3) How will you attract the right type of clients?

When you're just starting out, your agency could thrive on word-of-mouth, referrals, and projects from local companies. But if you want to grow, you'll need to tap a new group of prospects -- and do so in a sustainable way.

And it means you need to think differently about your company. Why would someone located 1,000 miles away want to work with your agency? What facts would make a prospect say, "I only want to work with your firm"? What do you need to change about the way you market your agency? Or do you need to actually start building your brand?

4) What does your sales process look like?

A lot of time is wasted on lunch meetings, calls with "prospects" who simply want to learn a few marketing tips, and proposals that never even reach a decision-maker.

This wasted time could be better spent with prospects that actually want to work with your agency and that your agency wants to work with -- you know you can provide value to the client, the account will be profitable, and your team members will enjoy working with the client.

But without a sales process, it's easy to get distracted by this prospect or that project. Without a goal, you'll always be running towards a finish line, yet the line will keep moving.

By defining your sales process with steps and processes for qualifying clients, prospecting, closing, and upselling, you'll be able to more quickly and efficiently grow.

5) How will your role change?

As the company grows, many agency owners struggle with the fact that they can't be everywhere and do everything. In the beginning, they were involved in every client account, approved all the creative, tracked financials, and made the final decision for all hires.

This isn't possible as your agency grows -- leaders have to make themselves irrelevant. And you need to take some time to figure out if this is really what you want. Do you want to be able to scale your influence on a larger team and client base? Or do you more enjoy the day-to-day management and involvement in your clients' accounts? These are two different types of businesses, and it's worth considering what type of company you actually want to build, rather than growing for growth's sake.

6) Is your approach to creating work repeatable and consistent?

Finally, to scale you need to create, document, and train people on your processes. Without a way to create and deliver work on time and profitably, you can't scale. To retain clients, you can't miss deadlines or deliver poor quality work. New employees need to be properly trained and onboarded to deliver a consistent experience to clients. While it might be fun to "figure things out as you go," it doesn't lead to creating a growing and stable company. 

from HubSpot Marketing Blog http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/questions-ask-before-agency-grows
Via http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/questions-ask-before-agency-grows

16 Great Facebook Business Pages You Have to See

With more than 1.65 billion monthly active users, Facebook is a major player in the world of social networking. Businesses looking to market using Facebook have one major tool at their disposal: the Facebook Page.

Facebook Pages were specifically engineered for businesses. They provide a public home on Facebook for a business, and they allow businesses to publish content and receive comments and feedback from fans and customers.

Facebook Pages are a simple tool, but they allow for many interesting business opportunities. There are some companies out there who really take advantage of the cool stuff you can do on a Facebook business Page to connect, engage with, and delight fans, as well as drive traffic to specific parts of their website.

So we combed through the web to find 16 Facebook Pages that you absolutely MUST see. Put simply, these pages are awesome.

16 Great Facebook Business Page Examples You Have to See

1) L.L. Bean

Here's an example of a Facebook Page that focuses on the customer. The content they post is interesting and super relevant for their target audience: cool photos, videos, and tips for outdoor adventurers. They also include tabs dedicated to their events, open job opportunities, and to each of their most recent grand openings.

2) Intrepid Travel

Travel agency Intrepid Travel has put together a great Facebook Page -- complete with a special tab that shows trip and tour reviews, and one that lets users search and book trips without having to leave their Facebook Page. Talk about a great user experience.

They also consistently post compelling videos that'll have you itching to pack a bag and hit the road. Check out this food tour of China they recently posted to give potential tourists the nudge they need to book an adventure:

3) Threadless

Threadless has tons of great images on their Page. Most notably, their cover photo features different T-shirt designs, which they always credit to the designer in the top right-hand corner of the photo and change fairly regularly. They also carry over important functionality from their website, allowing users to vote for T-shirt designs and enter design contests.

All in all, Threadless does a great job of creating a fantastic user experience that doesn't require the user to leave Facebook. Plus, they have a badge in their "About" section signifying that they respond to inquiries quickly -- which is great for showing fans and followers that they're listening.

4) Nutella

The folks at Nutella have the unique challenge of having to find an infinite number of ways to feature a single product so their social media content stays fresh and interesting. The key to their success? A wide variety of interesting visual content.

They've taken full advantage of the rise of video on Facebook: Between April 2015 and November 2015, the number of average daily video views on Facebook doubled from 4 billion video views per day to 8 billion. Much of their video content is centered around creative (and delicious) ways to work the infamous hazelnut spread into different recipes, such as these incredible Nutella pancake cupcakes:

The company also shares a ton of great images that generate a huge amount of engagement, like this clever emoji-inspired post:

5) Zappos.com

Zappos.com is known for great customer service, and they keep that reputation going on their Facebook Page. For example, they have a badge in their "About" section that says they typically respond to customers' inquiries within the hour. That's fast.

They also have a small section of their Page dedicated to visitor posts, which features customers' posts about Zappos' great customer service on and off Facebook.

Not to mention, they're committed to responding to comments -- and they aren't afraid to have fun with it:

Customer service aside, Zappos has also fully taken advantage of Facebook's call-to-action button feature by placing a "Shop Now" button at the top of their Facebook Page.

(Check out this episode of The Growth Show to learn more about how Zappos built a lovable company culture.)

6) National Hockey League

The NHL rocks Facebook. Their Page prioritizes the things they know users care about most when visiting Facebook: photos and videos, live streaming (which they include during the season and remove in the offseason), and contests that give them the chance to win tickets.

Not only that, they're constantly putting out relevant news stories and compelling visual content that get high levels of engagement from their fans. For example, NHL and GoPro have been partnered up since 2015 to bring hockey fans unique perspectives from games, and these videos can be found in the "Video" tab on the NHL's Facebook Page.

7) Tough Mudder

Tough Mudder, an organization that runs hardcore obstacle course events focused on teamwork and camaraderie, leans on social media sites like Facebook to help recruit and pump up participants.

They do a great job of keeping their Facebook content fresh and up-to-date, which is especially important for an events company. Not to mention, each event they run has its own Facebook Event -- which shows up in an "Events" feed on their Page -- so participants can connect, ask questions, and share event-specific photos with the community.

Speaking of community ... the folks that run the Facebook Page always find clever ways to keep the Tough Mudder family connected and engaged using fun hashtags like #HeadbandMonday:

8) St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

St. Jude's is a volunteer- and donation-driven organization, and they do a fantastic job engaging their volunteer and donor bases on Facebook. Their posts and photos are highly engaging, often featuring the personal stories of patients who were helped thanks to the generosity of people like their Facebook Fans.

Their Page also offers apps that allow you to donate, browse careers, look at photos, and more -- right from the Facebook Page.

9) Starbucks

Starbucks was an early social media adopter, and it comes through in the polish and features of their Facebook Page. The "International" tab leads you to their local Facebook Pages, so non-English-speaking fans can easily navigate to their country's Starbucks Page.

Beyond that, Starbucks uses its Page to showcase their rich visual content, run contests for seasonal products, highlight job openings, and interact with followers, like they do with the quiz below:

They also offer a slick store locator application:

10) Adobe

Adobe is a computer software company that could post all about software and technology all the time ... but they do a great job of catering their content to Facebook users, who tend to log on to socialize, read or watch fun content, or read the news. Here's an example of a cool video that would be interesting to their design-focused target audience:

They also have a special Notes section that outlines the rules of the Facebook Page -- and thus setting expectations for their fans. Granted, it hasn't been updated since 2010 ... but it's still a great thing to have.

11) Burt's Bees

Your customers can be your best sources for market research. The Burt's Bees Facebook Page uses a poll tab to ask questions about flavor preferences, product names, and so on. Customers have the option to vote, see results, and/or share their opinion on their own Facebook Pages. They also have a "Coupons" tab that gives customers opportunities to save money.

12) Easy Lunch Boxes

With all that space in the cover photo, why not pair colorful visuals with a strong value statement? That's exactly what Easy Lunch Boxes does. They put it all out there as soon as a user lands on their Facebook Page.

In addition to posting fun pictures, videos, and tips like "lunch box hacks," the Page also includes apps that let users ask questions, sign up for their newsletter, follow their blog, and even get recipe and meal ideas. Overall, the Page is on-brand and clearly displays the utility of the product.

13) Gold's Gym

For a company that's been around for over 50 years, Gold's Gym has shown they can keep up with the times on their Facebook Page. Their "Gold's Gym Challenge" is a front-and-center application on their Page, which lets users join the group, see other members, and join the discussion without leaving Facebook.

They also have a handy gym locator app that leads folks straight to their "Locate a Gym" webpage (unlike Starbucks' locator app, which is right within Facebook) so that prospective members can easily see whether there's a location nearby. Finally, Gold's Gym keeps engagement high by posting lots of content, much of which features members' inspirational fitness journeys.

14) Stella & Dot

As a company based on creating flexible entrepreneurial opportunities for women, Stella & Dot relies on platforms like Facebook to help grow their business via word-of-mouth marketing. They are a great example of an organization that's successfully built a community on Facebook.

They use it to share styling tips with their social community, show how their pieces are designed and made, and post videos on how to wear their jewelry. All of their visual content is vibrantly colored and beautifully shot.

They've also taken advantage of Facebook Live by posting live videos of trunk shows, which can help prospective trunk show hosts learn how to do one -- or just bring entertainment to anyone watching.

(Read this article for more awesome Facebook Live use cases.)

15) Mabel's Labels

Like Zappos, Mabel's Labels -- creators of high quality labels for the stuff kids lose -- has also taken advantage of Facebook's call-to-action button feature with their "Shop Now" CTA, linking to their homepage.

In terms of content, they've mastered the art of posting the perfect balance of engaging videos, photos, and GIFs that align with the interests of their target audience: moms. For example, check out this relatable ecard they posted to reassure moms everywhere that they know just how real the struggle can be:

Mabel's Labels has also taken advantage of Facebook Live with videos like the one below, which they pinned to their Facebook Page to make it more easily visible for a longer period of time.

16) UNICEF

UNICEF's Facebook Page is all about teaching Facebook users who they are and giving them options to take action. The opportunity for users to get involved right from the Page ranges from the "Donate Now" call-to-action button at the top of their Page that takes you to their official donation website, to their "Actions" tab that lets you share a relevant update with your Facebook friends via a Facebook app called ActionSprout. It also lets you sign up for their email newsletter right from a form that appears on the page.

UNICEF is known for creating powerful content like videos to spread awareness and positive messages about current events. One example? The video they shared to Facebook about the Syrian refugee crisis. (See #3 in this blog post to watch the video.)

Use these awesome Page examples as inspiration to finally create a Facebook Page for your business, or as motivation to improve your existing page. You don't have to do everything. Instead, focus on the core needs of your fans and customers.

Want to see how HubSpot uses Facebook? Check out HubSpot's Facebook Page here.

Editor's Note: This post was originally published in November 2011, and has been updated for accuracy and comprehensiveness.

 

from HubSpot Marketing Blog http://blog.hubspot.com/blog/tabid/6307/bid/28441/The-15-Best-Facebook-Pages-You-ve-Ever-Seen.aspx
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How to Determine the Best Office Layout for Your Team [Flowchart]

As businesses grow and add new people to their team, they often face the challenge of having to move to a new office space.

But there's a lot that goes into that decision. What kind of office space suits your team and team culture best? How can you set up a space that encourages productivity and invites growth?

There are three main types of office spaces: conventional, virtual or remote, and shared space. Which of these suits you and your team best will depend on how many people work there, how often they collaborate, the IT equipment your team uses, and more. 

To help you get started in your search for an office space that works for you, check out the infographic below from Make It Cheaper. First, you'll follow a flowchart to determine which of the three office spaces make the most sense for your business. Then, you can read up on the details of each one. (For even more ideas, read this blog post on seven innovative ways companies are changing the workplace.)

from HubSpot Marketing Blog http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/office-layout
Via http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/office-layout